媒介权力对体育媒体传播中女性形象的影响研究*     

刘〓婷  宋宗佩  冯培明  孙晨晨 《广州体育学院学报》2020,(3):46-49

媒介权力作为第四种权力，影响着媒介形象的塑造。运用文献资料、逻辑分析和理论分析等研究方法，就媒介权力对女性形象的影响进行研究。研究发现，社会责任理论要求，体育媒体有必要塑造健康的女性形象。受媒介权力的正面影响，体育媒体中女性形象的塑造，表现出传播主体多元化、传播内容丰富化、传播途径多样化和传播受众理性化等特征。然而，以媒介缺位、媒介错位和媒介越位为表征的媒介权力异化，塑造了有偏差的女性形象，引发了受众对女性的不合理认知。未来受媒介权力的影响，体育媒体应在全媒介时代背景下丰富女性体育传播媒介，机会均等观念下均衡配备传播主体，性别平等理念下合理发布传播内容，培养理论视域下积极引导传媒受众，以促进体育领域性别平等观念的发展。  相似文献   

国际乒联频繁修改规则的批判性反思     

王翾  梁勤超  李林 《武汉体育学院学报》2020,54(10):88-94

采用文献资料等方法，梳理国际乒联21世纪以来的规则改革，反思其存在的问题。21世纪以来，国际乒联在器材、技术和赛制等方面进行了一系列的改革。一系列规则改革在技术上使得运动员技术选择和使用随意性增大，比赛胜负的偶然性增大；在国际乒坛秩序上产生了正、反两方面影响，一方面改变了中国队"一家独大"的局面，国际大赛的奖牌分布趋于多元化，另一方面，使得运动员打法逐渐呈现单一化趋势。同时国际乒联频繁修改规则还存在规则修改程序正义性、规则相对稳定性，以及权力行使过于随意等问题。要维系国际乒坛秩序的良性发展，国际乒联还需出台具体的规则改革制度，保证竞赛规则的相对稳定性，并合理行使规则修改的权力。  相似文献   

Reviewing the Variability-Overuse Injury Hypothesis: Does Movement Variability Relate to Landing Injuries?     

Andrew D. Nordin  Janet S. Dufek 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2019,90(2):190-205

Purpose: Overuse injuries are common in sport, but complete understanding of injury risk factors remains incomplete. Although biomechanical studies frequently examine musculoskeletal injury mechanisms, human movement variability studies aim to better understand neuromotor functioning, with proposed connections between overuse injury mechanisms and changes in motor variability. Method: In a narrative review, we discuss the variability-overuse injury hypothesis, which suggests repeated load application leads to mechanical tissue breakdown and subsequent injury when exceeding the rate of physiological adaptation. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of this hypothesis, we incorporate concepts from motor control, neurophysiology, biomechanics, as well as research design and data analysis. We therefore summarize multiple perspectives while proposing theoretical relationships between movement variability and lower extremity overuse injuries. Results: Experimental data are presented and summarized from published experiments examining interactions between experimental task demands and movement variability in the context of drop landing movements, along with comparisons to previous movement variability studies. Conclusion: We provide a conceptual framework for sports medicine researchers interested in predicting and preventing sports injuries. Under performance conditions with greater task demands, we predict reduced trial-to-trial movement variability that could increase the likelihood of overuse injuries.  相似文献   

Could knee joint mechanics during the golf swing be contributing to chronic knee injuries in professional golfers?     

Howie Carson  Jim Richards  Simon G. S. Coleman 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(13):1575-1584

ABSTRACT

Full three-dimensional movements and external moments in golfers’ knees and the possible involvement in injuries have not been evaluated using motion capture at high sample frequencies. This study measured joint angles and external moments around the three anatomical axes in both knees of 10 professional golfers performing golf drives whilst standing on two force plates in a motion capture laboratory. Significant differences were found in the knee joint moments between the lead and trail limbs for the peak values and throughout all stages during the swing phase. A significantly higher net abduction moment impulse was seen in the trail limb compared with the lead limb (?0.518 vs. ?0.135 Nms.kg^?1), indicating greater loading over the whole swing, which could contribute to knee lateral compartment or anterior cruciate ligament injuries. A significant correlation (r = ?0.85) between clubhead speed at ball contact and maximum joint moment was found, with the largest correlations being found for joint moments at the top of the backswing event and at the end of the follow-through. Therefore, although knee moments can contribute to high clubhead speeds, the large moments and impulses suggest that they may also contribute to chronic knee injuries or exacerbate existing conditions.  相似文献   

Validity and reliability of a linear positional transducer across commonly practised resistance training exercises     

Harry F. Dorrell  Joseph M. Moore  Mark F. Smith  Thomas I. Gee 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(1):67-73

This study investigated the validity and reliability of the GymAware PowerTool (GPT). Thirteen resistance trained participants completed three visits, consisting of three repetitions of free-weight back squat, bench press, deadlift (80% one repetition maximum), and countermovement jump. Bar displacement, peak and mean velocity, peak and mean force, and jump height were calculated using the GPT, a three-dimensional motion capture system (Motion Analysis Corporation; 150 Hz), and a force plate (Kistler; 1500 Hz). Least products regression were used to compare agreeability between devices. A within-trial one-way ANOVA, typical error (TE; %), and smallest worthwhile change (SWC) were used to assess reliability. Regression analysis resulted in R² values of >0.85 for all variables excluding deadlift mean velocity (R² = 0.54–0.69). Significant differences were observed between visits 3-2 for bench press bar displacement (0.395 ± 0.055 m; 0.383 ± 0.053 m), and deadlift bar displacement (0.557 ± 0.034 m; 0.568 ± 0.034 m). No other significant differences were found. Low to moderate TE (0.6–8.8%) were found for all variables, with SWC ranging 1.7–7.4%. The data provides evidence that the GPT can be used to measure kinetic and kinematic outputs, however, care should be taken when monitoring deadlift performance.  相似文献   

小于通气阈强度运动对脑电地形图影响的研究     

律海涛 《湖北体育科技》2003,22(3):303-305,311

对体育系男学生(20名)在安静状态、小于通气阈强度负荷运动后即刻1min的脑电变化进行测试得出结论：小于通气阈强度运动在一定程度上对大脑皮质产生影响，增进了大脑细胞新陈代谢强度，可改善大脑皮质神经元代谢能力，可改善和提高脑皮层神经细胞工作能力。  相似文献   

体育真义论   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

张洪潭 《体育科学研究》2003,7(1):1-3

首先对体育能够增强体质，祛病保健，益寿延年的传统信条提出质疑，通过对体育的基本属性和两大种差特点的分析，提出体育是旨在强化体能的非生产性人体活动这一新概念。  相似文献   

三种强度运动对脑电地形图影响的比较研究     

何叙 《天津体育学院学报》2003,18(4):5-7

采用实验研究方法，对体育系男学生(20名)在安静状态、小于通气阈强度、通气阈强度、大于通气阈强度负荷后即刻1min的脑电变化进行测试。结论：通气阈强度运动在一定程度上对大脑皮质产生影响，增进了大脑细胞新陈代谢强度，可改善大脑皮质神经元代谢能力，使其产生复杂的生理效应和训练效应，对脑皮层神经细胞工作能力的改善和提高很显著；大于通气阈强度运动后易使中枢神经细胞产生疲劳。  相似文献   

析韩国足球崛起的综合效应--论当代"三力合一"的竞技运动     

杨庆玲 《体育与科学》2003,24(1):59-60,55

当前世界竞技运动存在着一种偏重于从生物学角度研究提高运动员能力的倾向．以致造成国际赛场上常出现重物轻人的异化现象。本文以韩国足球崛起为例，从生物学、心理学和社会学3个方面研究当代竞技运动物力、心力和外力的聚合，为提高运动员的综合素质，抵制国际竞技运动因过度商业化、职业化和兴奋剂滥用导致的异化现象提供理论依据，为积极促进国际奥林匹克运动可持续发展提供思想资源。  相似文献   

影响三级跳远成绩的若干因素   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

沈继东 《湖北体育科技》2003,22(2):246-247

通过阅读、整理国内外有关三级跳远方面的献资料，阐明三级跳远中助跑速度、起跳技术、三跳比例、力量以及平衡对三级跳远成绩的影响，为三级跳远的研究提供参考。  相似文献